Aplastic anaemia

Anaemia due to bone marrow aplasia. Here all hematological cells are decreased. So pancytopenia occurs. you can know details in this link www.aplasticanaemia.co.uk

Type of apastic anaemia.

1.Primary Idiopathic Acquired aplastic anaemia
Most common in China. In Uk 3/6 case per mil.pancytopenia due to Bone marrow failure.
Cause: Mostly due to autoimmune disease, Viral infection, others; drugs.

a.Drugs: cytotoxic ,Idiosyncratic,Antibiotics:Chlorampenicol,Sulphonamide
penicillin, Gold,Indomethacin
Antithyroid
Anticonvulsant
b.Chemicals
DDT
OPC
benzene,toluine
c.Radiation
d.Viral hepatitis
e.Pregnancy
f.PNH

Investigation:
Bone Marrow: hypoplastic ,pancytopenia, Leucopenia, Normocytic normochromic anaemia

Management:

If pt before 20yrs. treat with allogenic bone marrow transplantation.if donor available.
If old age treat with antithymocyte globulin and cyclosporin, androgen.

Prognosis:
prognosis is poor 50% dies within 12 months.
Survival is better in ABMT.



2. Secondary aplasia.